trial : Idioms & Phrases

Index

by trial and error

  • adverb in an empirical manner
    through empirical observation; empirically.
    • this can be empirically tested
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clinical trial

  • noun a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use
    clinical test.
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field trial

  • noun a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used
    field test.
  • noun a contest between gun dogs to determine their proficiency in pointing and retrieving
  • noun a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving
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on trial

  • adjective satellite in the process of being tested or tried
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phase i clinical trial

  • noun a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained
    phase I.
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phase ii clinical trial

  • noun a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I; intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat; possible side effects are monitored
    phase II.
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phase iii clinical trial

  • noun a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA
    phase III.
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phase iv clinical trial

  • noun sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials
    phase IV.
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preclinical trial

  • noun a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial
    preclinical test; preclinical phase.
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right to speedy and public trial by jury

  • noun a civil right guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US Constitution
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scopes trial

  • noun a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed
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show trial

  • noun a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance
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State trial

  • a trial of a person for a political offense.
Webster 1913

To put to trial, or on trial

  • to bring to a test; to try.
Webster 1913

To stand trial

  • to sustain the trial or examination of a cause; not to give up without trial.
Webster 1913

trial and error

  • noun experimenting until a solution is found
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trial attorney

  • noun a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law
    trial attorney.
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trial balance

  • noun a balance of debits and credits in double-entry bookkeeping; drawn up to test their equality
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trial balloon

  • noun a test of public opinion
  • noun a balloon sent up to test air currents
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trial by ordeal

  • noun a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence
    ordeal.
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trial court

  • noun the first court before which the facts of a case are decided
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trial impression

  • noun (printing) an impression made to check for errors
    test copy; proof.
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trial judge

  • noun a judge in a trial court
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trial lawyer

  • noun a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law
    trial attorney.
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trial period

  • noun a period of time during which someone or something is tested
    test period.
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trial run

  • noun trying something to find out about it
    test; trial; tryout.
    • a sample for ten days free trial
    • a trial of progesterone failed to relieve the pain
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trial-and-error

  • adjective satellite trying out various means or theories until error is satisfactorily reduced or eliminated
    • he argued that all learning is a trial-and-error process that resembles biological evolution
  • adjective satellite relating to solving problems by experience rather than theory
    • they adopted a trial-and-error procedure
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